Which conditions can lead to torsades de pointes?

Torsades de pointes is a specific type of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is associated with a prolonged QT interval. It can occur due to various congenital or acquired conditions that affect the heart's electrical repolarization process. When the QT interval is prolonged, it increases the risk of developing abnormal heart rhythms, such as torsades de pointes.

Congenital conditions include genetic disorders like congenital long QT syndrome, while acquired conditions may involve factors such as certain medications, electrolyte imbalances (especially low potassium or magnesium levels), and other underlying health issues. This makes it critical for healthcare providers to monitor the QT interval and recognize risk factors associated with its prolongation to prevent potential arrhythmias like torsades de pointes.

Understanding the specifics of how QT interval alterations affect cardiac electrophysiology is essential for managing and reducing the risk of such arrhythmias.